A solar panel is a device that converts solar radiation directly or indirectly into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect by absorbing sunlight. The main material of most solar panels is "silicon". It is so large that its widespread use still has certain limitations.

1) Tempered glass Its function is to protect the main body of power generation (such as battery), and the selection of light transmission is required. 1. The light transmittance must be high (generally more than 91%); 2. Ultra-white tempering treatment 2) EVA It is used to bond and fix the tempered glass and the main body of power generation (such as batteries). The quality of the transparent EVA material directly affects the life of the module. The EVA exposed to the air is easy to age and turn yellow, thus affecting the light transmittance of the module, thereby affecting the In addition to the quality of the EVA itself, the power generation quality of the module is also greatly affected by the lamination process of the module manufacturer. For example, the adhesiveness of the EVA is not up to standard, and the bonding strength between the EVA and the tempered glass and the backplane is not enough, which will cause the EVA to age prematurely, affecting the component life. 3) Cells The main function is to generate electricity. The mainstream in the power generation market is crystalline silicon solar cells and thin film solar cells, both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Crystalline silicon solar cells, the equipment cost is relatively low, but the consumption and cell cost are high, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is also high, and it is more suitable to generate electricity in outdoor sunlight; thin film solar cells, relatively high equipment cost, but consumption and battery The cost is very low, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is more than half that of crystalline silicon cells, but the low-light effect is very good, and it can also generate electricity under ordinary light, such as solar cells on calculators. 4)EVA The function is as above, mainly bonding and encapsulating the power generation main body and the backplane 5) Backplane Function, sealing, insulation, waterproofing (generally TPT, TPE and other materials must be resistant to aging, most component manufacturers have a 25-year warranty, tempered glass and aluminum alloy are generally no problem, the key is whether it can be achieved with the backplane and silica gel. Require.) 6) Aluminum alloy Protect the laminate and play a certain sealing and supporting role 7) Junction box It protects the entire power generation system and acts as a current transfer station. If the components are short-circuited, the junction box automatically disconnects the short-circuit battery string to prevent the entire system from being burned out. The most critical thing in the junction box is the selection of diodes. Depending on the type of cells in the module, the corresponding diodes are also different. 8) Silicone The sealing function is used to seal the junction between the component and the aluminum alloy frame, the component and the junction box. Some companies use double-sided adhesive tape and foam instead of silica gel. In China, silica gel is commonly used. The process is simple, convenient, easy to operate, and the cost is very low.

1. User solar power supply: (1) Small-scale power supply ranging from 10-100W, used in remote areas without electricity, such as plateaus, islands, pastoral areas, border posts and other military and civilian life electricity, such as lighting, TV, tape recorders, etc.; (2) 3 -5KW household roof grid-connected power generation system; (3) Photovoltaic water pump: solve the deep well drinking and irrigation in areas without electricity. 2. Traffic field: such as beacon lights, traffic/railway signal lights, traffic warning/signal lights, Yuxiang street lights, high-altitude obstruction lights, highway/railway wireless phone booths, unattended road shift power supply, etc. 3. Communication/communication field: solar unattended microwave relay station, optical cable maintenance station, broadcasting/communication/paging power supply system; rural carrier telephone photovoltaic system, small communication machine, GPS power supply for soldiers, etc. 4. Petroleum, marine and meteorological fields: cathodic protection solar power systems for oil pipelines and reservoir gates, life and emergency power supplies for oil drilling platforms, marine detection equipment, meteorological/hydrological observation equipment, etc. 5. Lamp power supply: such as garden lamps, street lamps, portable lamps, camping lamps, mountaineering lamps, fishing lamps, black light lamps, tapping lamps, energy-saving lamps, etc. 6. Photovoltaic power station: 10KW-50MW independent photovoltaic power station, wind-solar (diesel) complementary power station, various large-scale parking plant charging stations, etc. 7. Solar building: Combining solar power generation with building materials will enable large buildings in the future to achieve self-sufficiency in electricity, which is a major development direction in the future. 8. Other fields include: (1) Matching with automobiles: solar vehicles/electric vehicles, battery charging equipment, automobile air conditioners, ventilation fans, cold drink boxes, etc.; (2) Renewable power generation systems for solar hydrogen production and fuel cells; (3) Seawater Desalination equipment power supply; (4) Satellites, spacecraft, space solar power plants, etc.